完形填空解题策略与专练（二）
完形填空解题策略与专练（二）
完形填空中，在文章的上下文里面，还存在着隐性的线索，这种隐性线索常常被用于辨析语义和语境。通过隐性线索的关联，常常能够在文章当中，找到符合语境要求的选项。
完形填空第二大策略：利用隐性线索，辨析语义语境。
Warming Up 热身训练
A. 词汇联想大比拼：请根据左边的中心词，向右拓展词汇。
例：hospital → patient, doctor, illness, headache, hurt, pain, cure…
1. time → second, minute, ____________________________________________________________________
2. competition → player, judge, ________________________________________________________________
3. happy → smile, laugh, joy, __________________________________________________________________
4. study → writing, reading, ___________________________________________________________________
B. 下列句子摘自高考完形填空真题，划线词语为设空答案。你能说出句子粗体部分线索词(clue words)与设空答案的关系吗？
1. Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she hugged her husband tightly, her eyes filled with tears of gratitude（感激）. ( NMET 2010 湖北 )
2. The movement was so fierce that several passengers felt sick and had to use airsickness bags. ( NMET 2010 四川 )
3. His parents had no reason to be thankful to me either, because the year before, I had … their dear son with a pot of paste and some funny picture. ( NMET 2011 辽宁 )
4. It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The … is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual（智力的）growth by learning situation. ( NMET 2011 广东 )
Exemplifying in Skills 例证与技能
隐性线索实际上是指一组词语具有相同的倾向性，并往往与文章中心主线的导向一致。在做完形填空题时，要学会关注隐性线索，掌握语义与语境。常见的隐性线索有五种：语义场关联、修饰关联、因果关联、结构关联和反义关联。
A. 语义场关联：某些词汇或表达都是围绕同一话题或同一场景出现。如：patient, doctor, sickness, stomachache, hurt, wound, cure等相关词汇都是围绕hospital这个语义场展开的。
【例1】I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didn’t have a lot of 30 to get started. ( NMET 2011 浙江 )
30. A. money B. time C. energy D. knowledge
B. 修饰关联：指词语之间存在固定的修饰关系，如：修饰the number of要用large或small，而不能用many或little.
【例2】Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words. ( NMET 2012全国 I )
36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further
C. 因果关联：在同一个句子或段落中，有时前后的词语之间存在着必然的因果关系。
【例3】These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows sick and pale and has changed so much that it is almost 24 to the parents. ( NMET 2008 广东 )
24. A. uncomfortable B. unbelievable C. unacceptable D. unrecognizable
D. 结构关联：前后的词语共同构成了一定的语法结构。
【例4】We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the 21 home from work in the evenings. ( NMET 2011 全国 Ⅱ )
21. A. way B. track C. path D. road
E. 反义关联：前后出现的词表达着相反的含义。
【例5】Not all of these fairies are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and in some folktales they are 22 and cause much human suffering. ( NMET 2008 广东 )
22. A. powerful B. cruel C. frightened D. extraordinary
Instant Practice 即时训练
完成下列练习，并说出各自所属的隐性线索的类别。
【练习1】In her second grade, Maja 31 her cousin Jasmina. After Jasmina’s death …( NMET 2011 湖北 )
31. A. lost B. visit C. rescued D. left
【练习2】Though I was absolutely thrilled with the chance, it did not come without its fair share of 46 . ( NMET 2012 北京 )
46. A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures
【练习3】I attended a school prize-giving 6 not so long ago and the guest speaker was Andrew Becroft …
6. A. celebration B. anniversary C. meeting D. ceremony
【练习4】When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand 47 and told me that she believed that I could become a writer. …. ( NMET 2010 江苏 )
47. A. camera B. radio C. bicycle D. typewriter
【练习5】Diana quickly realized that making her dream of shop ownship in Canada a 41 meant going to school to get the necessary education and certification. ( NMET 2011 福建 )
41.A. reality B. fact C. challenge D. wonder
【练习6】For me they brought a doll, I felt such a sense of 25 that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. ( NMET 2010 浙江 )
25.A. relief B. loss C. achievement D. justice
【练习7】That person was my stepmother. I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia. My father 36 me to her with these words: “ I would like you to meet the fellow …”( NMET 2010 江苏 )
36.A. rushed B. sent C. carried D. introduced
【练习8】Each school has a unique uniform that makes its students easily 10 to the public.
10.A. identifiable B. polite C. familiar D. acceptable
【练习9】For years I have been hosting a program on the 40 and writing articles for a magazine… exchanging thoughts with thousands of listeners and 43 . ( NMET 2010 重庆 )
40. A. radio B. television C. stage D. bed
43. A. hosts B. visitors C. readers D. reporters
【练习10】As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles 37 up the room. ( NMET 2010 浙江 )
37. A. lit B. took C. burned D. cheered
完形填空第二大策略专练：隐性线索
一． 完成下列练习，并说出各自所属的隐性线索类别。
【练习1】A baby was having a good time! With each bump of the airplane, he would let out a giggle（咯咯的笑）of delight… He was 37 the ride because he had not yet been taught to fear it. ( NMET 2010 四川 )
37. A. learning B. taking C. missing D. enjoying
【练习2】Our meetings were not 26 ; our conversation was filled with arguments and quarrels …( NMET 2011 全国 Ⅱ )
26. A. normal B. necessary C. pleasant D. possible
【练习3】Always make time to become your own 59 and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. ( NMET 2010 上海 )
59. A. director B. master C. audience D. visitor
【练习4】… use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. He 30 like that type – young and ragged. ( NMET 2010 陕西 )
30. A. acted B. looked C. sounded D. smelt
【练习5】I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then … Being 41 to move freely, I have learned to sit still …( NMET 2010 重庆 )
41. A. ready B. unable C. anxious D. eager
【练习6】A few years ago my older brother and I were not getting 24 . We had been close as children but had grown apart. ( NMET 2010 全国 Ⅱ )
24. A. through B. together C. along D. away
【练习7】I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing… I learned to dip my brush into the paint and 47 create something. ( NMET 2010 北京 )
47. A. easily B. carefully C. confidently D. proudly
【练习8】About twenty minutes into the adventure, the entire airplane became very 30 . There was now a sense of anxiety and fear that could be clearly noticed. ( NMET 2010 四川 )
30. A. quiet B. hot C. dirty D. crowded
【练习9】It might never have occurred to my brother to write me if he had not been in a place where there were no 37 . ( NMET 2010 全国 Ⅱ )
37. A. mail services B. transport C. phones D. relatives
【练习10】Finally, have I included too many 64 details that may confuse readers? ( NMET 2010 上海 )
64. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. concrete D. final
二． 下列句子摘自2011高考完形填空真题，划线词语为设空答案。请根据括号内的解题线索提示，写出与设空相呼应的线索词。
【练习1】One woman’s car, for example, went into the river. She woke up in four feet of water and thought it was raining. ( NMET 2011 全国 Ⅱ )
（语义场关联的线索词：_____________________________________________________________________）
【练习2】I set out to live my life filled with hope, seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements. ( NMET 2011 天津 )
（因果关联的线索词：_______________________________________________________________________）
【练习3】When we were in the middle of the lake, a strong wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit violently. ( NMET 2011 重庆 )
（语义场关联的线索词：_____________________________________________________________________）
【练习4】Looking back, Diana, a fashion designer, owes her achievements to the goal she set, the education she received from the college, and above all the efforts she made. ( NMET 2011 福建 )
（机构关联的线索词：_______________________________________________________________________）
【练习5】… a birthday present … he had discovered something he really liked: a large tin drum. I was quite happy too until I thought what Tony’s mother would say when she saw it. Nobody would get any peace for weeks! ( NMET 2011 辽宁 )
（语义场关联的线索词：_____________________________________________________________________）
【练习6】The second rich man … gave the villagers all his food and drink … He made sure that they each received their fair share and would have enough food …( NMET 2011 陕西 )
（反义关联的线索词：_______________________________________________________________________）
【练习7】Luckily, she found just the help she needed for relaunch through continuing education at George Brown College. She began taking courses for both the Essential Skills in Fashion Certificate and the image Consulting Certificate in May 2009. ( NMET 2011 福建 )
（语义场关联的线索词：_____________________________________________________________________）
Practical Training专题训练 (NMET 2005 广东)
Some myths are stories told since ancient times to explain the causes for natural happenings. The Greek myth that explains why there are changes of ___36___ is about Demeter, the goddess of the harvest. She had a daughter, Persephone, whom she loved very much. Hades, god of the underworld, fell in love with Persephone, and he asked Zeus, the ___37___ of the gods, to give Persephone to him as his ___38___. Zeus did not want either to disappoint Hades or to upset Demeter, so he said he would not agree to the marriage, but neither would he ___39___ it. Hades, therefore, decided to take the girl without ___40___. When Persephone was picking flowers in the garden, he seized her and took her to the underworld. When Demeter ___41___ what happened to Persephone, she became so ___42___ that she caused all plants to ___43___ People were in ___44___ of starving. But Demeter was determined not to let crops grow ___45___ her daughter, Persephone, was returned to her. ___46___, still not wanting to disappoint Hades, decided upon a condition for Persephone’s ___47___. She could go back to her mother if she had not ___48___ anything while she was in the underworld. Demeter ___49___ it because she did not know that Persephone had eaten several pomegranate(石榴) seeds in the underworld. When Zeus ___50___ this, he agreed that Persephone could spend part of the year with her ___51___, but he added that since she had eaten the seeds, she must spend part of the year in the underworld. and so it ___52___ that when Persephone is in the underworld, Demeter is sad and therefore ___53___ not let the crops grow. That is ___54___ we have winter when plants do not grow. When Persephone returns, Demeter is ___55___, it is spring, and plants begin to grow again.
36. A. periods B. seasons C. time D. age
37. A. winner B. ruler C. advisor D. fighter
38. A. wife B. lover C. partner D. daughter
39. A. forbid B. forgive C. admit D. accept
40. A. arrangement B. warning C. reason D. permission
41. A. let out B. worked out C. thought out D. found out
42. A. excited B. tired C. angry D. serious
43. A. grow fast B. start growing C. stop growing D. grow slowly
44. A. danger B. hope C. turn D. case
45. A. since B. until C. after D. when
46. A. Persephone B. Zeus C. Demeter D. Hades
47. A. return B. change C. marriage D. journey
48. A. stolen B. found C. eaten D. heard
49. A. understood B. refused C. doubted D. accepted
50. A. discovered B. studied C. forgot D. prepared
51. A. daughter B. mother C. god D. ruler
52. A. works B. remains C. happens D. starts
53. A. should B. can C. dare D. will
54. A. where B. because C. why D. how
55. A. nice B. friendly C. fresh D. happy
参考答案： 36-40 BBAAD 41-45 DCCAB 46-50 BACDA 51-55 BCDCD