语法填空专题讲与练

一、无提示词类，即纯空格题。(只限一个单词)

纯空格填空题主要是填冠词(a/ an/the)、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。

技巧1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。

技巧2：若两个句子(即两个主谓结构)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词(连接并列的句子)或从属连词(连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句)

技巧3：an exciting job/a nice party

随堂练习1：

1. I have ____ interesting book, ___ is called “Frozen”.

2. _____he worked very hard, he still failed the test.

3. He was very tired after working for a whole day, ____ he felt very happy.

4. Whether we will go to the park depends ____ the weather.

5. Think _______ your mind will stay fresh.

二、提示性填空类。即用所给词的适当形式填空，(此类题填空不超过三个单词)

此类型的题一般考察动词的时态、语态单复数;动词非谓语(to do / done/doing) ;词性的转换(形名副动) ; adj/adv的比较级和最高级。

 注意:

(一)判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。

技巧4：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态和单复数

随堂练习2：

1. Friends can always ____ (trust), loved and respected.

2. What pains us ____ (train) us.

技巧5：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要有：

1)作主语，通常用v-ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，(用不定式表示具体情况)

2)作目的状语或在形容词后作状语, 一般用不定式。

3)作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(v-ing)；若是被动关系，用过去分词(-ed)。

随堂练习3：

1. We are supposed to work very hard ____(go) to a good university.

2. The boy ____ (stand) under the tree is my friend.

3. The boy ____ (name) Tom is my friend.

4. The way ____ (be) happy is to make others happy.

5. Life is too short to spend time ____ (worry).

(二) 词性转换题的解题技巧

技巧6：作表语(在系动词之后) 用形容词;

技巧7：形容词变比较级或最高级或变名词；名词变复数或变形容词或动词变为名词；副词变比较级或最高级；动词变为单三形式或不定式或动名词或现在分词或过去分词或变为副词或变形容词;

技巧8：动词的词性转换主要做主语、宾语和定语。

随堂练习4：

1. She is a very ____ (succeed) scientist.

2. I ____ (complete) support your ideas.

3. ____ (fortune), I found my missing dog.   

4. Challenges make life ____ (interest).

单句综合训练：

1. New things ____ (invent) every day.

2. In my opinion, ____ best way to improve English is to practice every day.

3. It’s impolite to make fun ____ others.

4. She has a beautiful voice, ____ makes her popular.

5. He talked about some eating habits ____ are good for people's health.

6. As an experienced teacher, do you have other ____ (advise) for our students?

7. These days I am reading ____ useful book.

8. ____ (luck), she failed the exam again.

9. The city took immediate measures ____ (protect) the surroundings.

10. The bridge ____ (build) in 1990 was destroyed in the earthquake.

答案：

随堂练习1：1. an, which    2. Although/Though    3. but    4. on    5. and思考能使大脑保持清醒。（祈使句+and +主句）

随堂练习2：1. be trusted    2. trains使我们痛苦的东西才真正锻造我们。（主语从句）

随堂练习3：1. to go    2. standing     3. named    4. to be快乐的方式就是先让别人快乐。（不定式作定语和表语）5. worrying生命太短暂了，不要花在焦虑上。（不定式否定，spend some time doing）

随堂练习4：1. successful           2. completely         3. Fortunately        4. interesting挑战使生活变得有趣。

单句综合训练：1. are invented           2. the    3. of      4. which         5. which/that    6. advice    7. a    8. Unluckily              9. to protect    10. built