七选五阅读填空题学案

“七选五阅读填空题”是给定一篇阅读文章，其中有5段空白处，考生要根据自己对文章的分析理解，从七个选项中选出五项放回原文空白处。新题型不但要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇等方面的知识，而且要有辨证，综合、分析、归纳方面的逻辑思维能力。

一、阅读七选五题型分析

从对试题分析发现，此类阅读题篇幅不长，一般字数在250词左右，叙事、说明、议论性的文章都有。文章内容绝不是互不相关的句子杂乱无章的堆砌，而是有脉可循。鉴于此类题型特点，我们可以从分析文章层次结构人手，找到解答此类阅读题的方法。

二、阅读七选五的考察要点
与试卷中其它四道阅读题相比，这一题型对阅读理解提出了更高层次的要求，不仅要有阅读速度, 还要对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息要有所了解，能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次，对学生的逻辑思维能力及综合运用语言的能力提出了全新的挑战。

不过，只要了解了这种新题型所考查的要点，出题位置，在阅读文章时有意识地加强对文章写作思路和结构组织安排的理解，掌握英语文章常见的几种写作结构，对迅速增强此类新题型的应对能力还是非常有帮助的。
三、阅读七选五的解题步骤

1. 快速浏览文章，了解文章大意。 

2. 细读选项，彻底理解所给选项的意思。

3. 细读文章，根据具体内容并结合关键句和关键词将选项填入文中。

4. 将所选答案带入文中，再次通读全文，重点考察逻辑关系。

5. 研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。

☆1. 快速浏览文章，了解文章大意。同时注意下几个方面:

A.标题

B.文章类型(议论文，说明文，记叙文)

C.文章结构。从文章结构特点上宏观把握段与段，部分与部分之间的逻辑关系。参考依据:排版形式，大小写，特殊符号,例如:●，1，2，Q&A等等。

快速浏览下文，思考以下问题:

下文是________文，标题为______________， 中心句为第____句, 可以划分为_______部分，各部分的大意分别为:

①_____________________________________ ②_____________________________________

③_____________________________________

④_____________________________________

Insect bites and stings (243words)

The information is for people who would like information on how to prevent and treat insect bites and stings. In theUK, insect bites and stings are usually no more than a nuisance, causing a few red, itchy spots or lumps. 71

Symptoms of bites and stings

Bites from insects that feed on your blood, for example mosquitoes, often result in itchy spots or lumps. 72 .Sometimes bites and stings can lead to complications such as skin infections or an allergic reaction. Rarely, a bite or sting can cause a dangerous allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis………

73

Urgent medical attention is need for anyone who:

● shows signs of having a severe allergic reaction

● has been stung by several insects at the same time

● has been stung in the mouth or throat, where the swelling can interfere with breathing medicines.

74 A cream or ointment containing hydrocortisone can help reduce swelling and inflammation. You can buy low-dose hydrocortisone cream over the counter but don’t use it on children under 10, or on your face or on broken or infected skin. Over-the-counter painkillers such as paracetamol can relieve some of the discomfort.

Always ask your doctor for advice and read the patient information that comes with your medicine.

Prevention of bites and stings

You can reduce your risk of insect bites and stings by:

●Wearing insect repellent

● 75

●Wearing long sleeves and trousers if out in the evening

☆2. 细读选项，彻底理解所给选项的意思。同时注意选项的形式，常见的形式有陈述句，名词短语，祈使句，疑问句。其中________可用作小标题，_______可以提出问题，引出下文。

A. Treatment for bites and stings

B. Wash the affected area with soap and water and pat the skin dry.

C. You may wish to use a local unaesthetic spray to reduce pain

D. These don’t usually need any treatment and clear up within a day or so.

E. Sleeping under a suitable net if mosquitoes are a problem at night

F. In the UK, he threat to health from animal bites and stings is relatively low

G. However, in some people they can cause severe reactions, so it’s important to know what to do is this happens.

思考:以上选项 可以填入73的位置，选项 可以填入75的位置。

☆3.细读文章，根据具体内容并结合关键句和关键词将选项填入文中。

所谓细读文章也并不是毫无重点可言，要抓关键段，比如:首尾段。※(第一段必须要读懂)。

关键句:首尾句, 空白前后的句子。

关键词:1)表逻辑关系的词

(a)并列与递进关系and, or, __________________________________________________________

(b)转折关系however, _______________________________________________________________

(c)因果关系because, for, ____________________________________________________________

(d)时间关系at first, first, _______________________________________________________以及一些具体的时间。 

(e)例证关系for example, ____________________________________________________________

(f)表结论、概括的信号词 in short, ____________________________________________________

Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized countries. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago. 71

The scientists say that human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. 72 They are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system arc examples of such diseases.

The scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. 73 However, a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that today.

Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic(驯养的)ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. 74 We eat six times more salt than our ancestors and we eat more sugar as well. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein (蛋白质)and much less vitamin C.

75 But the scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way the ancient people did, cutting the amount of fat, salty and sweet food.(254words)

A. Stone Age people lived a simple life without any meat.

B. But today, we enjoy eating a lot of these.

C. In that case, they would live a much healthier life.

D. Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.

E. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.

F. People today probably don’t want to live like our ancestors.

G. Modern people used to suffer from “diseases of civilization”.

思考:①用一句话概述本文大意:____________________________________________________

②71题答案为____, 此选项中的________________是表逻辑关系的关键词。

③72题答案为___, 该选项中含有重复的词____________, 与后一句中代词_______和近义词________呼应。

④73题答案为____, 该句与前一句是并列关系，有表逻辑关系的_____, 与后一句是转折关系。

⑤74题答案为___, but today表明是古今饮食习惯的对比。

⑥75题答案为___, 后一句的but体现了前后句的转折关系。

2) 重复出现的词，及表同义、近义、反义, 同类事物的词。如:

Money Matters(2011课标)

Parents should help their children understand money. 71 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.

A. Wise decision.

B. The value of money.

C. Permit the child why he can-or cannot-have certain things.

D. Talk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.

E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.

F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.

G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.

71的正确选项为____,可以从后一句So you may start talking about money _____________________in buying things…中找到线索。

3)代词。代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。

The turtle hatchling may eat small sea creatures that move in and around the seaweed. Unfortunately, the sea also contains plastic and trash that people throw away.____73___

A. This journey may last several years

B. There, she eats a sea grass called turtle grass.

C. Eating them could be a deadly mistake for the turtle.

D. Inside each one, there may be a baby green sea turtle.

E. After two hours of hard work, she is ready to lay her eggs.

F. That can make her go the wrong way, away from the sea.

G. The turtle gets some protection from the coloring of her shell.

☆4.将所选答案带入文中，再次通读全文，重点考察逻辑关系。

※ 根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略
1)问题在段首
(a)通常是段落中心句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。

(b)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2)问题在段尾
(a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
(b)段落间的过渡句，起到承上启下的作用。此时以下一段为阅读重点。

3)问题在段中，重点阅读理解空白前后的句子。

☆5.研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。(排除法)
四、总结:如何提高阅读七选五________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________