2017高考英语阅读七选五答题技巧及真题体验

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2017高考英语阅读填空(7选5)答题技巧及真题体验

1.先看选项,通过选项中句子的句意或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的可能位置。

2.再看空前空后,由于句子与句子之间有一种相关的联系,所以我们可以在选项中寻找与空前空后的句子有某种必然联系的关键词,从而选择正确的答案。

3.注意代词在句子中的使用,利用代词的指代作用,我们可以从选项中找到相关的信息。

4.注意一些特殊疑问词,如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词,那么就要寻找相对应的回答语。

做题时需要注意的两个问题:

1.如果问题设在段首,通常是段落的主题句。寻找主题句时,着重阅读后文第一两句,锁定线索信号词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词,最后看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。

2.如果问题设在段尾,通常是结论或概括性的语句,关键词要在空白前的一句或两句中寻找。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如 therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语。

(一)2016·全国Ⅰ卷


Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

   People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

   There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”

  38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”

   A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, ”bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

【答案】

36.-40 D E G.F A

【解析】 试题分析:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了密码的设置和破解方法,比如利用字母在字母表中排序的数字来代表该字母,或者利用一些单词的首字母来组成一个密码等。

36.D 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关,故判断D项内容As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them符合语境逻辑,可以承接上下文。

37. E 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作密码,由此判断E项内容符合语境逻辑。

38.G考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法,故G选项内容Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.符合语境。

39.F考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据后面的举例以及前句中的 a code book可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用,故判断F选项With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.可以起到承上启下的作用。

40.A考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码,但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间,故判断A选项It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。

(二)2016全国II卷


A garden that’s just right for you

Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts?  16  . But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.

●___17   

Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).  18  . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.

●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories

   Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important.  19  --how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.  20  then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.

A. Know why you garden

B. Find a good place for your own garden

C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters

D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers

E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants

F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too

G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have

【答案】16. F   17. A   18. E   19. C   20. G

【解析】

试题分析:本文属于说明文,美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受,文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的的具体建议。

16.F 根据前两句提出:你是否参观过那些让你感觉非常好的花园?你也可以自己搞一个属于你自己的花园。故F项“你也可以把你自己的花园搞得那么美好”符合上下文串联。

17. A 根据本段前两句可知不两只的园艺有不同的原因,再根据倒数第二句“然而,有很多能解释你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺,故A正确。

18.E 本段前两句提出有些人认为花园只是一些花花草草,有些人关心少用水少用废料。本句仍然在说明人们对园艺的不同看法。故E项“还有其他人只是喜欢在户外接触植物”与上下文一致,也是人们对于园艺的观点。

19.C 根据前句“......那些都不重要”可知划线句强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文串联。

20.G 本部分介绍如果我们自己建一个花园,要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园,并把这些花园的优点写下来,然后制定计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故G项与上下文一致。

(三)2016全国IIi卷


Everyone knows that fish is good for health.  16  But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.  17  This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.

   18   Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.   19  When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.

There are many common methods used to cook fish.   20   First,lean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.

A. Do not buy it.
B. The easiest is to steam it.
C. This is how you can do it.
D. It just requires a little knowledge.
E. The fish will go bad within hours.
F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.

【答案】

16.G  17.D 18.F  19.A  20.B

【解析】

试题分析:文章主要介绍了一些买鱼的烧鱼的常识,带有强烈气味的鱼不新鲜,最简单的 方法是蒸鱼。

16.G考查上下文串联。第一句Everyone knows that fish is good for health是总写,but表示转折,说明but前面 一句是对第一句的解释,G项“鱼中的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境,故选G

17.D考查上下文串联。题目前一句“Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.”可知,购买,存放和烧鱼并非难事,再根据后面一句可知,文章主要介绍了买鱼和烧鱼的简单知识,D项“这仅仅需要一点知识”符合语境,此题容易与C项混淆,C项后面应该直接跟烧鱼的方法,即C项与后一句重复,故选D。

18.F考查上下文串联。根据“Fresh fish should smell sweet”可知,本段讲的是买鱼的时候要闻一下鱼的气味,故选F。

19.A考查上下文串联。根据前一句“Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.”可知,带有强烈的味道的鱼都不是新鲜的,不应该买这样的鱼,A项与后句联系紧密,故选A。

20.B考查上下文串联。根据“Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot”可知,本段介绍的是蒸鱼的方法,故选B。

(四)2016北京卷


The Science of Risk-Seeking

Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking.   71   Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.

The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.    72    As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it.  73   

No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.   74   To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.

Mean taking some risks, so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.

 75  For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.

As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

A. It all depends on your character.

B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.

C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.

D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.

E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.

F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.

G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.

【答案】

71.F  72.C  73.A   74.E   75.G

【解析】

试题分折:文章从科学上对追求冒险和刺激进行了解冒险行为与大脑的工作机制有关,当大脑的快乐中枢被激活时,人们就会采取冒险行。

71.F考查上下文串联。前一句提到了 “weigh the risk and the reward”. F项"然而,并不是所有人都使用同样的参考标准来权衡风险和回报”符合语境.故选F

72.C考查上下文串联。hunting, fighting, or exploring狩猎,战斗和探索等活动是生存的必要条件,C项中those是对这些活动的指代,故选C

73.A考查上下文串联。根据“humans developed a range of character types..."可知,人们形成的不同类型的性格如今仍然存在,正是不同的性格才型才导致了我们对冒险行为不同的态度,故选A。

74.E 考查上下文串联。E 项中的 when 与 “your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years”中的teenage years对应,故选E。

75. G考查上下文串联。根据“a part of the brain...while for the rest of us.. ”可知,本段讲的是冒险行为与大脑的关系,故选G


(五)2015·全国Ⅰ卷

Building Trust in a Relationship Again

Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.36 Trust is a risk.But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

Unfortunately,we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stolen from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.37 It’s understandable,but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.

?38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.

?39 If you’ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives,we’ll have our trust tested or violated.

?You didn’t lose “everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.40 Instead,it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

A.Learn to really trust yourself.

B.It is putting confidence in someone.

C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.

E.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

36.答案 B

解析 第一句Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.(信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得行为。)是对trust的解释。选项B中的it指代上文出现的trust,并且继续解释 trust的含义;putting confidence in someone(对某人寄托信任),故选B项。注意:选项B与第一句为顺承关系。

37.答案 E

解析 选项E与上文能形成因果关系。They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.(他们曾经受过严重伤害,不能容忍这种事情再次发生。)是上一句Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.(有时候人们就是不能再信任别人。)的原因。并且与下一句It’s understandable...(这是可以理解的……)有顺承关系。

38.答案 A

解析 空格位于段首,根据文章结构分析,极有可能是祈使句。并且选项A.Learn to really trust yourself.(学会真正信任你自己。)与空格后的Having confidence in yourself形成同义复现。trust yourself相当于have confidence in yourself。

39.答案 C

解析 空格位于段首,根据文章结构分析,极有可能是祈使句。下文中If you’ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.(如果你遭遇了背叛,那么你就成为客观环境的受害者。但是成为受害者与以“受害者的心态”活着是有区别的。)反复出现victim 一词,而选项C中的关键词也为victim,形成原词复现。选项C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.(不要把自己当作受害者。)起到总起本段的作用。

40.答案 G

解析 Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.(看到事情的积极方面并不意味着你对发生的事情视而不见。)与下一句Instead,it’s a healthy way...for positive...(相反,这是一个健康的方式……)形成转折关系。并且选项中的positive与下文的positive形成原词复现。

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